The World Health Organization (WHO), in partnership with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), has congratulated Chile for becoming the first country in the Americas—and only the second worldwide—to be officially recognized for eliminating leprosy. Leprosy, also known as Hansen disease, was first documented in Chile in the late nineteenth century on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). On the mainland, cases were rare and typically linked to isolated introductions. On Rapa Nui, transmission was

Hypnosis, often referred to as hypnotherapy, has been explored as a therapeutic approach for a variety of health concerns. Research has examined its potential role in managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), situational anxiety (such as anxiety before medical or surgical procedures), menopausal complaints, hot flashes in breast cancer survivors, headaches, and post-traumatic stress disorder. It has also been evaluated as a method for pain relief and for supporting smoking cessation efforts. •

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, affects nearly one out of every two adults in the United States. If left uncontrolled, it can gradually harm the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and other organs. Serious outcomes may include heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Managing high blood pressure typically begins with lifestyle adjustments such as following a nutritious diet, staying physically active, maintaining a healthy body weight, limiting alcohol

The World Health Organization (WHO) has released its recommendations for the viral composition of influenza (“flu”) vaccines for the 2026–2027 influenza season in the northern hemisphere. The guidance follows a four-day consultation during which experts reviewed global influenza surveillance findings. The composition of influenza vaccines must be updated regularly because influenza viruses continually evolve. WHO’s recommendations guide national regulatory authorities and vaccine manufacturers

Marking a renewed phase of regional collaboration, a new declaration is urging swift and coordinated measures to reduce air pollution and safeguard public health throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. Introduced in the context of the 2nd WHO Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health in March 2025, the Initiative reinforces the connection between health policy and environmental justice across the Americas. From global commitments to regional action First advanced at the Latin American

Common Names: horse chestnut, buckeye, Spanish chestnut Latin Name: Aesculus hippocastanum Background • Horse chestnut is a deciduous tree native to southeastern Europe. Its spiky fruits contain shiny brown seeds that resemble edible chestnuts, although they are bitter and not safe to eat raw. • In traditional practices, extracts from the seeds were used to address joint discomfort, swelling, menstrual cramps, hemorrhoids, and other inflammatory concerns. • Today, standardized horse chestnut

Common Names: hoodia, Kalahari cactus, Xhoba, Bushman’s hat Scientific Name: Hoodia gordonii Background • Hoodia is a leafless succulent native to the Kalahari Desert regions of Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa. For generations, the San people traditionally chewed the plant to help curb hunger and thirst during extended hunting trips. • Researchers have identified a compound in hoodia known as P57, classified as an oxypregnane steroidal glycoside. This substance has been suggested as a

What's the Bottom Line? What is known about how well homeopathy works? • Current scientific research provides little reliable evidence that homeopathy is effective for treating any particular medical condition. What is known about the safety of homeopathic products? • Some items marketed as homeopathic may contain measurable amounts of active substances and have the potential to cause side effects or interact with other medications. What Is Homeopathy? Homeopathy, sometimes referred to as

As Ukraine moves into the fifth year of full-scale war, the population has faced the highest number of attacks on health care recorded in 2025 – an increase of nearly 20% compared with 2024. Since 24 February 2022, when the full-scale invasion began, WHO has verified at least 2881 attacks on health care across Ukraine. These incidents have affected health workers, hospitals and clinics, ambulances, and medical storage facilities. The health system is under severe strain on two fronts: direct

What’s the Bottom Line? What is currently known about dietary supplements for hepatitis C? • No dietary supplement has been proven to effectively treat hepatitis C. • Research on silymarin (milk thistle), the most commonly used supplement for this condition, has not demonstrated meaningful benefits in people with hepatitis C. What is known about safety? • Colloidal silver, sometimes promoted for hepatitis C, is unsafe and may cause permanent and serious side effects. • In clinical studies of

What’s the Bottom Line? What do we know about the usefulness of complementary approaches for headaches? Psychological and Physical Approaches • Acupuncture may provide relief for some people with headaches. However, research suggests that part of its benefit may be related to expectations, beliefs, and placebo responses rather than the specific effects of needle placement. • Biofeedback techniques have shown potential for helping with tension-type headaches and migraines, though study findings

image: Graphic titled “Discovery of Novel Camel Antimicrobial Peptides” outlining five key stages. Step 1: Computational identification of antimicrobial peptides from the camel genome. Step 2: In-silico structural characterization of three peptides—CdPMAP-23, CdPG-3, and CdCATH. Step 3: Laboratory synthesis of the selected peptides. Step 4: In-vitro antimicrobial testing demonstrating suppressed bacterial growth. Step 5: In-vitro hemolysis assessment showing minimal damage to red blood cells.

According to a recent assessment by the World Health Organization (WHO), next-generation influenza vaccines that offer broader and longer-lasting protection than current seasonal formulations could significantly reduce the worldwide impact of influenza. The new WHO Full Value of Improved Influenza Vaccine Assessment (FVIVA), published alongside an article in the journal Vaccine, examines the public health, economic, and policy implications of next-generation influenza vaccines. It also outlines

Common Names: hawthorn, hawthorne, harthorne, English hawthorn, Mexican hawthorn, raiz de tejocote, tejocote, shanzha, WS 1442 Latin Names: Crataegus monogyna, Crataegus mexicana, Crataegus pinnatifida (also known as Crataegus oxycantha), Crataegus laevigata Background • Hawthorn is a flowering shrub or small tree that belongs to the rose family and grows in temperate climates around the world. • Traditionally, hawthorn has been used to support heart health, aid digestion, improve circulation,

Image: Electron microscope images of two bacteria linked to bacterial constipation. Left: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Top: Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM); Bottom: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)). Right: Akkermansia muciniphila (Top: TEM; Bottom: SEM). These microbes act sequentially to break down the intestinal mucus layer that keeps stool soft and hydrated. Credit: Tomonari Hamaguchi, Nagoya University Researchers at Nagoya University in Japan have identified a pair of gut

Highlighted Resource Each of us has a personal version of our “healthiest self.” Our thoughts, physical condition, daily environment, and the people around us all influence how our well-being takes shape. This platform provides research-backed guidance across five key areas of health. Discover practical steps to strengthen your relationships, support emotional and physical wellness, and create a healthier environment. Explore the site to learn more about building and maintaining your overall

Common Names: green tea Scientific Name: Camellia sinensis Background • Green, black, and oolong teas all originate from the same plant species, Camellia sinensis. The difference lies in how they are processed. Green tea leaves are steamed or pan-fried and dried without fermentation. In contrast, black tea is fully fermented, while oolong tea undergoes partial fermentation. • The cultivation of the tea plant dates back thousands of years in China, with medicinal use suggested for at least

Health Capsule Arsenic is a naturally found substance present in the environment, including in soil, water, and air. However, prolonged exposure to arsenic can have serious health effects. Many communities still depend on drinking water that contains arsenic at harmful levels. Recent research indicates that reducing arsenic exposure can significantly decrease the risk of dying from cancer and heart-related conditions. The study observed a group of adults in Bangladesh over a period of 20 years.

Health Capsule It's common for patients to experience anxiety before undergoing surgery. However, high stress levels can hinder the body's natural healing process. Increased stress can lead to more inflammation, which is the body's way of protecting itself during injury or illness. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to boost your health ahead of a surgical procedure. This proactive approach is known as prehabilitation. Recent research has found that tailored

Image: Measurement of dormant reproductive development in male and female fruit flies. Researchers examined various Drosophila triauraria strains to study delays in reproductive organ formation. Credit: Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo, Japan – Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have been exploring how fruit flies adjust their growth when faced with changes in their environment, a process known as diapause. By examining flies from different regions of Japan, they discovered that