image: Creation of an ultra-smooth, crack-resistant nanofiltration membrane manufacturing technology that removes surface irregularities. Credit: Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Dr. Hong-Ju Lee and Dr. In-Hyuk Song from the Nano Materials Research Division at the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) have developed an advanced fabrication process that enables nanoscale control of ceramic membrane surface smoothness, along with membrane materials capable of accurately filtering